
Wine Cap Growing Conditions
Stropharia rugosoannulata (Wine Cap / Garden Giant)
Geographic Location:
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Native to Europe and North America; now cultivated worldwide.
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Commonly found in woodchip gardens, composted straw, and forested areas.
Edibility / Toxicity:
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Edible; considered a choice mushroom when cooked.
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No known toxicity.
Spore Print:
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Dark purple-brown to blackish-brown.
Physical Characteristics:
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Cap: 5–25 cm across, convex to broadly convex, sometimes flattening with age. Smooth to slightly sticky surface when wet; reddish-brown to wine-colored, darker in the center.
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Gills: Adnate to slightly sinuate, closely spaced, purple-brown to dark brown, maturing with spore development.
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Stem/Stipe: 6–20 cm long, 1–3 cm thick, often swollen at base. White to pale cream, sometimes with a darkening ring zone (annulus).
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Other Features: Thick, robust mushroom; mild odor; flesh firm and white, sometimes slightly yellowing with age.
Growing Environment & Conditions:
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Substrate: Nutrient-rich substrates such as wood chips, straw, or compost.
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Temperature: 10–25°C (50–77°F) ideal for fruiting.
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Humidity: 80–95% relative humidity.
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CO₂: Moderate levels during pinning; lower CO₂ levels (fresh air) help cap expansion.
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Light: Partial sun to shade.
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Fruiting Season: Late spring through fall.
Additional Notes:
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Popular among home growers for its large size and ease of cultivation.
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Can produce multiple flushes per season under good conditions.
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Plays an ecological role in breaking down organic matter and enriching soil.